Naturalism, Normativity and Explanation - ebook/epub
| Robert Audi |
| Copernicus Center Press |
| This book critically examines philosophical naturalism, evaluates the prospects for naturalizing such normative properties as being a reason, and proposes a theory of action-explanation. This theory accommodates an explanatory role for both psychological properties such as intention and normative properties such as having an obligation or being intrinsically good. This overall project requires distinguishing philosophical from methodological naturalism, arguing for the possibility of a scientifically informed epistemology that is not committed to the former, and freeing the theory of action-explanation from dependence on the reducibility of the mental to the physical. The project also requires distinguishing explanatory power from causal power. Explanations—at least of the kinds central in both science and everyday life—are conceived as constitutively aimed at yielding understanding; the book sketches a view of understanding that clarifies the nature of explanation; and, partly in the light of this relation, it provides a broad account of causal power on which psychological properties can possess it without being reducible to physical properties. The book concludes with an account of how, especially in the normative domain, explanations can be a priori. They may use a priori generalizations to provide understanding of what they explain, and they may clarify a priori propositions, or both. They may achieve these aims not only in logic and pure mathematics, but also in the realm of moral and other normative phenomena. The overall result is to show how philosophical understanding of both natural and normative phenomena is possible through integration with a scientific habit of mind that does not require a narrow empiricism in epistemology or a reductive naturalism in metaphysics or the theory of explanation. Author Robert Audi is an internationally known contributor to epistemology, ethics, and philosophy of action. He has published books and numerous papers in epistemology, and he lectures widely in epistemology and such related areas as ethical theory and philosophy of action. His epistemological books include The Structure of Justification (1993), The Architecture of Reason (2001), Epistemology (3rd edition, 2010), and Moral Perception (2013). His recent books in ethics and political philosophy include The Good in the Right: A Theory of Intuition and Intrinsic Value (2004), Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision (2006), Moral Value and Human Diversity (2007), and Democratic Authority and the Separation of Church and State (2011). Audi is a past president of the American Philosophical Association, a former editor of The Journal of Philosophical Research, Editor-in-Chief of The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy (third edition forthcoming in 2015), and currently John A. O’Brien Professor of Philosophy at the University of Notre Dame. |
| Wojciech Załuski |
| Copernicus Center Press |
Game theory is a branch of mathematics which studies strategic interactions, i.e., interactions which involve more than one agent and in which each agent makes her decision while striving to predict the decisions of other agents. Game theory has been successfully applied in many areas of both the natural and social sciences, and it is the belief of this book’s author – Wojciech Załuski – that it can also be gainfully invoked in the area of... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
A collection of essays devoted to the problem of explanation in various disciplines of science and humanities namely mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, neuroscience, economics as well as theology. The issues covered include such topics as the interplay between explanation and understanding, the problem of a priori explanation, the limits of causal explanations in physics, the application of mathematics in biology... |
| Janusz Kaczmarek, Ryszard Kleszcz |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
The volume contains a selection of texts presented during the Conference: University – Philosophy as the Foundation of Knowledge, Action and Ethos, which was organized by the University of Łódź (on 11–13th June 2015) to celebrate the 70th anniversary of its foundation. The works contained in the volume pertain to very diverse topics, and for this reason the content of the book is divided into four chapters... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
A collection of essays dealing with the fundamental issues in neuroscience from methodological and philosophical perspectives. The Reader will learn about the methodological difficulties connected with the use of neuroscientific experiments in philosophical argumentation and about the nature of scientific explanation in neuroscience. In addition, the collection includes case studies of several issues lying at the intersection of neuroscience and... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
Key points
Description A collection of essays dealing with issues connected with rule-following and decision-making from the perspectives of philosophy and various sciences. The Reader will learn about the diverse relations to rule-following behaviour of such phenomena... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
Key points
Description A collection of essays assessing the origins of various rule-based systems including, but not limited to, morality, rationality and justice from the perspectives of both philosophy and psychology... |
| Thomas Hobbes |
| Ventigo Media |
Leviathan is a multilevel treatise that, by the type of gradation, begins to explain simple concepts, moving on to more complex categories, revealing the essence of a persons life, his actions and actions; essence of the state, supreme authority and contract; religion and Christianity. This book is very useful for understanding how the English Revolution influenced peoples minds; to understand some of the basics of English courts... |
| Piotr Łukowski, Aleksander Gemel, Bartosz Żukowski |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
| The goal of contemporary cognitive science is not primarily to build a thinking machine, but to increase our understanding of cognitive processes. This can be done by various methods, including traditional psychological experiments, observations of authentic cognitive processes in practical action, or by simulating cognition in robots or programs. Unlike the early days of AI when it was believed that one single methodology... |
| Dominique Lambert |
| Copernicus Center Press |
This book takes us from the early childhood to the last days of George Lemaîitre, the man behind the theory of the primeval atom, now better known as Big Bang theory. But who was George Lemaître? A clergyman, a genius astronomer, an audacious cosmologist, a computer enthusiast ahead of his time, a professor with his head in the clouds, a bon vivant mathematician and gourmand? Dominique Lambert's book peels away these layers... |
| Władysław Milo |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
In this monography there are presented and discussed the following categories of concepts: truth and causes, randomness, isomorphism, homomorphism, models, modelling, expectations, tools and effects of the use of monetary policy, potentia and calculus of potentias, theory and theorizing. These categories make themes of successive chapters of this book. It seeks to provide both theoretical and empirical foundations for doing economic research by economists... |
| Robert Łoś |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
Soft power, is not a new phenomenon in a political practice but it may be considered a novelty in the theory of international relations. The concept of soft power reflects the character of changes which took place in international relations when the notion of security was extended to include threats and challenges of non-military character. New threats and challenges require another type of instruments which are identified with soft power to a greater... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
A collection of essays dealing with causality, a core issue for both science and philosophy. The Reader will learn about different types of causality in complex systems and about new perspectives on this issue based on physical and cosmological considerations. In addition, the collection includes essays pertaining to the problem of causality in ancient Greek philosophy, and to the problem of God’s relation to the causal structures of nature viewed... |
| Ventigo Media |
Beyond Good and Evil is one of the most scathing and powerful critiques of philosophy, religion, science, politics and ethics ever written. This work rejects the tradition of Western thought with its notions of truth and God, good and evil and demonstrates that the Christian world is steeped in a false piety and infected with a slave morality. It promotes a philosophy that celebrates the present and demands that the individual imposes their own... |
| Krystyna Skarżyńska-Bocheńska |
| Wydawnictwo Akademickie Dialog |
Book dedicated Al-Ǧāḥiẓ, an Arabic scientist of the 9th century, the author of theory of social communication which may be compared to the late 20th century Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of discourse.
Al-Ǧāḥiẓ, an Arabic scientist of the 9th century, belongs to the thinkers whose participation in and contribution to the development of the world science has not been recognized and appreciated... |
| John Stuart Mill |
| Ventigo Media |
Readers are invited to a book by an outstanding English philosopher, psychologist, sociologist and economist John Stuart Mill, which explores the problem of civil liberty of the individual. According to the author himself, the subject of the work is not the so-called free will, namely civil, or social, freedom, that is, the properties and limits of that power, by the power of which society fully manages individual individuals... |
| Krzysztof T. Konecki |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
This book is unique and audacious, and fits very well with current tendencies within qualitative research. It introduces new, fresh threads to questions and concerns that are highly significant for contemporary social sciences. The formulated conclusions go beyond directly methodological issues, posing key philosophical questions to the whole project of Western sociology. Grażyna Woroniecka Deep contemplation of the... |
| Marek Safjan |
| Wolters Kluwer |
The publication presents several dozen judgements of European and constitutional tribunals and of Polish as well as foreign courts which relate to the main issues of the debate conducted in Poland nowadays. They illustrate current development trends that occur in Polish and European medical law and also reveal the complexity and intricacy of medical issues. Separate statements enclosed to some judgements highlight the broad scope of problems arising... |
| Przemysław Sobolewski, Zbigniew Banaszczyk, Beata Janiszewska, Maria Boratyńska, Witold Borysiak, Leszek Bosek, Marek Safjan |
| Wolters Kluwer |
| The publication presents several dozen judgements of European and constitutional tribunals and of Polish as well as foreign courts which relate to the main issues of the debate conducted in Poland nowadays. They illustrate current development trends that occur in Polish and European medical law and also reveal the complexity and intricacy of medical issues. Separate statements enclosed to some judgements highlight the broad scope of problems arising... |
| Agnieszka Rossa, Lesław Socha, Andrzej Szymański |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
The mortality modeling and forecasting is of fundamental importance in many areas, such as funding of public and private pensions, life insurance, the care of the elderly or the provision of health services. The book is an attempt to approach this subject from a new theoretical point of view, using theory of stochastic differential equations, theory of fuzzy numbers and complex numbers. These notes are addressed to tertiary students... |
| Jacek Jadacki |
| Copernicus Center Press |
The book is comprised of three components. The first component analyses the creative contribution to the theory of imperatives and norms provided by 20th-century Polish researchers. The second component summarizes their reflections and considerations. The third component is an anthology of the classic writings of Polish authors of the time; it constitutes an illustration of the first part and indicates that their research covered practically the... |
| Max Brand |
| KtoCzyta.pl |
An exciting Western tale of a honorable thief who steals from crooks and ends up saving a family from the ruthless and conniving hands of a cousin who is trying to insert himself into their fortunes. There’s lots of action with good characterizations and even some political and philosophical insights that gives the story a depth of being more than just an action yarn. There’s a hired investigator... |
| Bogdan Cichocki |
| Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego |
| The year 2017 marks the 100th anniversary of premature death of Marian Smoluchowski, an outstanding Polish physicist, a pioneer of the kinetic theory of matter currently known as statistical physics. On this occasion, we have published the volume containing: essays on Smoluchowskis life and his contribution to science, translations into English of Marian Smoluchowskis papers originally published in German... |
| Barbara Bokus, Ewa Kosowska |
| Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego |
Zbiór esejów z różnych dziedzin psychologii, a także antropologii kulturowej, paleogeografii i geologii, socjologii, filozofii politycznej, filozofii religii, teologii, historii, orientalistyki, kulturoznawstwa, leksykografii, pedagogiki, genetyki i archeologii, inspirowanych teorią czynności Profesora Tadeusza Tomaszewskiego i powiązanym z nią modelem sytuacji. Autorzy pokazują, co współczesna nauka wnosi do rozumienia pojęcia sytuacji... |
| Sylwia Wojtczak |
| C. H. Beck |
(...) The main objective of the (...) monograph is to demonstrate the presence of metaphors in legal texts, and their consequences for legal reasoning and legal interpretation. While accomplishing this objective, S. Wojtczak accepts one of the fundamental theses of cognitive linguistics: metaphor is a key element of human cognition, and an analysis of the ways in which metaphors are constructed and construed may reveal to us much about how people... |
| Adam Sulikowski, Rafał Mańko, Jakub Łakomy |
| C. H. Beck |
The book seeks to address comprehensively the relationship between legal scholarship and the notion of the political understood as the fundamental antagonism at the foundation of any human society, present in the deep structure of legal theory/philosophy of law and doctrinal legal scholarship (a concept developed in contemporary philosophy of politics by, inter alia, Chantal Mouffe). Specifically, the authors examine the crisis of the idea of an apolitical... |
| Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego |
The following publication constitutes a continuation of a longstanding research conducted by both authors on nourishment, dietetics, pharmacology and gastronomy in the Late Antiquity and early Byzantium. The book was created based primarily on Greek medical treatises composed from the 1st to 7th century, but it takes into account data that originates outside of this collection. The goal of the authors was to present the knowledge of the people in... |
| Jack London |
| KtoCzyta.pl |
”The Call of the Wild” is a touching novel about a great friendship between a dog and a human. The novel follows up the life of the dog Buck since he lived in sunny California all the way until the day he was kidnapped and tossed into the chaos of the Klondike Gold Rush and the brutal realities of frontier life. Buck changes hands a number of times before landing in the kindly hands of John Thornton who took care of him with great tenderness... |
| Sławomir Podsiadło |
| Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN |
| The monograph should therefore play a binary role. First it should present the crystal structures of known chalcogenides. Second book should explain a wide range of preparation methods and basic chemical properties of sulphides, selenides and tellurides that can be important from practical point of view. These materials are referred to as compounds of technological future in optoelectronics and photovoltaics... |
| Copernicus Center Press |
A collection of essays which deal with the issue of normativity from various theoretical perspectives. The Reader will learn how such phenomena as linguistic and mathematical rules, as well moral and legal norms, are explained in philosophy, psychology, neuroscience and linguistics. In addition, a discussion of the naturalistic fallacy is included. |
| Copernicus Center Press |
A collection of essays which tackles various issues at play in the current neuroscientific, psychological and philosophical research on emotions. The authors discuss such topics as the role of amygdala in the emergence of emotions, the place of the affect within the psychological construction of the agent, insights from the research on emotions in animals or the relation between emotions, rationality... |
| E.F. Benson |
| KtoCzyta.pl |
The Blotting Book ends with a murder story, but this is not a detective story. There is one amazing feature of this story that sets it apart from the others. The focus of the work is the human character and state, not action and history. This is an older writing style, and the author makes a compassionate analysis of human weakness, without being picky and offering no excuse for bad moral behavior... |
| Michał Możdżeń-Marcinkowski |
| C. H. Beck |
This second edition of the handbook is an updated and revised version which contains a description of the basic regulations of administrative law and its doctrine in Poland. In most cases this book relies on traditional terminology accepted by the Polish science of administrative law. Some efforts will, however, be needed to standardize certain Polish, European and American legal terms and definitions... |
| Piotr Mikołaj Sołtan |
| Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego |
Zwięzły wykład podstawowych zagadnień teorii operatorów na przestrzeniach Hilberta. Wśród omówionych tematów znajdują się: rachunek funkcyjny i twierdzenia spektralne, operatory zwarte, śladowe i Hilberta-Schmidta, samosprzężone rozszerzenia operatorów symetrycznych oraz jednoparametrowe grupy operatorów. |